@User the inverter instance in your 'inverter.spice' file has wrong node order: (sky130 stdcells have input(s) power nodes output(s) ), here the original and the correct order * X_0_ in out VGND VGND VPWR VPWR sky130_fd_sc_hd__inv_8 X_0_ in VGND VGND VPWR VPWR out sky130_fd_sc_hd__inv_8