what are VPB and VNB
# sky130
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what are VPB and VNB
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PMOS/NMOS body connection
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The standard cells don't have connections to p-substrate and n-well, so these connections are brought out as pins (VPB for substrate and VNB for well), and you need to use the "tap" cells to make those connections. It's a style of doing standard cells that saves a little bit of area.