@manili There is a lot of work around the controller on FPGAs due to RowHammer exploration -- take a look at https://github.com/enjoy-digital/litedram and https://antmicro.com/blog/2022/08/extending-the-open-source-rowhammer-testing-framework-to-ddr5/ + https://github.com/antmicro/rowhammer-tester